Kernel Mode Setting - ParabolaWiki

# Kernel Mode Setting

Kernel Mode Setting (KMS) is a method for setting display resolution and depth in the kernel space rather than user space.

KMS enables native resolution in the framebuffer and allows for instant console (tty) switching. KMS also enables newer technologies (such as DRI2) which will help reduce artifacts and increase 3D performance, even kernel space power-saving.

## Background

Previously, setting up the video card was the job of the X server. Because of this, it was not easily possible to have fancy graphics in virtual consoles. Also, each time a switch from X to a virtual console was made (Ctrl+Alt+F1), the server had to give control over the video card to the kernel, which was slow and caused flickering. The same "painful" process happened when the control was given back to the X server (Ctrl+Alt+F7).

With Kernel Mode Setting (KMS), the kernel is now able to set the mode of the video card. This makes fancy graphics during bootup, virtual console and X fast switching possible, among other things.

## Installation

At first, note that for any method you use, you should always disable:

- Any "vga=" options in your bootloader as these will conflict with the native resolution enabled by KMS.
- Any "video=" lines that enable a framebuffer that conflicts with the driver.
- Any other framebuffer drivers (such as uvesafb).

### Late KMS start

Intel, Nouveau and ATI drivers already enable KMS automatically for all chipsets. So you need not install it manually.

### Early KMS start

To load KMS as early as possible in boot process, add the module radeon (for radeon cards), i915 (for intel cards) or nouveau (for nvidia cards) to the MODULES line in /etc/mkinitcpio.conf:

    /etc/mkinitcpio.conf

    MODULES="i915"
    or
    MODULES="radeon"
    or
    MODULES="nouveau"

Rebuild your kernel image (refer to the mkinitcpio article for more info):

    # mkinitcpio -p [name of your kernel preset]

## Troubleshooting

### My fonts are too tiny

See changing the default font for how change your console font to a large font. Terminus font in [community] is available in many sizes, including larger sizes.

### Issue upon bootloading and dmesg

If you see an error code of 0x00000010 (2) while booting up, (You will get about 10 lines of text, the last part denoting that error code), then add the following line into /etc/modprobe.d/modprobe.conf:

    options drm_kms_helper poll=0

## Forcing modes

From the nouveau wiki:

A mode can be forced on the kernel command line. Unfortunately, the command line option video is poorly documented in the DRM case. Bit and pieces on how to use it can be found in

- http://cgit.freedesktop.org/nouveau/linux-2.6/tree/Documentation/fb/modedb.txt
- http://cgit.freedesktop.org/nouveau/linux-2.6/tree/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_fb_helper.c

The format is:

    video=<conn>:<xres>x<yres>[M][R][-<bpp>][@<refresh>][i][m][eDd]

- <conn>: Connector, e.g. DVI-I-1, see your kernel log.
- <xres> x <yres>: resolution
- M: compute a CVT mode?
- R: reduced blanking?
- -<bpp>: color depth
- @<refresh>: refresh rate
- i: interlaced (non-CVT mode)
- m: margins?
- e: output forced to on
- d: output forced to off
- D: digital output forced to on (e.g. DVI-I connector)

You can override the modes of several outputs using "video" several times, for instance, to force DVI to 1024x768 at 85 Hz and TV-out off:

    video=DVI-I-1:1024x768@85 video=TV-1:d

## Disabling modesetting

You may want to disable KMS for various reasons. To do so, add nomodeset to the kernel arguments in your grub or syslinux config file.

grub example:

    kernel /vmlinuz-linux root=/dev/sda3 ro quiet nomodeset

syslinux example:

    LINUX ../vmlinuz-linux
    APPEND root=/dev/sda3 ro quiet nomodeset

## Acknowledgement

This wiki article is based on ArchWiki. We may have removed non-FSDG bits from it.
Categories:

- Graphics
- Kernel
- Boot process
- X Server